What is BigData?!How is it secure!!

Nowadays the volume of data and information has grown massively since the beginning of computer , so did the ways of processing and handling those on-growing data , the hardware software and so did the ability to keep those data secure has evolved as well , mobiles , social-media and all deferent types of data caused the data to grow even more and more !! the huge data volume has exceeded a single machine processing capacity and conventional competing mechanisms ! Which led to the use of parallel and distributed processing mechanisms but hence data are expected to increase even more ,the mechanisms and technique as well as hardware, software need to be improved . IntroductionSince the beginning of computers, the people had used landline phones but now they have smartphones. Apart from that, they are also using bulky desktops for processing data, they were using floppiest then hard disk and nowadays they are using cloud for storing data. Similarly, nowadays even self-driving cars have come up and it is one of the Internet of things (IOT) examples. We can notice due to this enhancement of technology we're generating a huge amount of data. Let's take the example of IOT, have imagined how much data is generated due to using the smart air conditioners, this device actually monitors the body temperature and the outside temperature and accordingly decides what should be the temperature of the room. So, we can actually, see that because of IOT we are generating a huge amount of data. Another example of smartphones, every action even one video or image that is sent through any messenger app will generate data. The data that generate from varicose resources are in structured, semi-structured and structured format. List this data is not in a format that our relational database can handle and apart from that even the volume of data has also increased exponentially. We can define Big data as a collection of data sets very large and complex that it is difficult to analyze using conventional data processing applications or database system tools. In this paper firstly, we will define the big data and how to classify a data as big data. Then, we will discuss the privacy and the security in big data and how the infrastructure techniques can process, store and often also analyses a huge amount of data with different formats. Therefore we'll see how Hadoop solve these problems and understand few components of Hadoop framework as well as NoSQL and cloud. What is a big data and how to consider a data as a big data? A widely definition of big data belongs to IDC: â€Å"big data technologies describe a new generation of technologies and architectures, designed to economically extract value from very large volumes of a wide variety of data, by enabling the high-velocity capture, discovery, and/ or analysis† [ (Reinsel, 2011) ] According to the 4V's we can classify the data as a big dataThe 4V's are: 1- Volume of data: it is tremendously large. 2- Variety: different kinds of data is being generated from various sources: Structured: have a proper schema for your data in a tabular format like table.semi-structured schema is not defined properly like XML E-mail and CSV format. un-structured like audio video images. 3- Velocity: data is being generated at an alarming rate. With Clint-server model the time came for the web applications and the internet boom. Nowadays everyone started using all this applications not only from their computers and also from smartphones. So more users more appliances and hence a lot of data. 4- Value: mechanism to bring the correct meaning out of the data. We need to make sure that whatever analysis we have done it is of some value. That is it will help in business to grow. Or it has some value to it. [ (MATTURDI Bardi1, 2014) ] Infrastructure techniques   There are many tools and technologies used to deal with a huge amount of data (manage, analyze, and organize them): Hadoop: It's an open source platform managed under the Apache Software Foundation, and its also called-Apache Hadoop-, and it applies processing a huge amount of data â€Å"It allows to work with structured and unstructured data arrays of dimension from 10 to 100 Gb and even more†[ (V.Burunova)] and that have done by using a set of servers . Hadoop consists of two modules that are, MapReduce which distributed data processing among multiple servers and Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) for storing data on distributed clusters. Hadoop monitors the correct work of clusters and can detect and retrieve any error or failure for one or more of connecting nodes and by this way Hadoop efforts increasing in core processing and storage size and high availability. â€Å"Hadoop is usually used in a large cluster or a public cloud service such as Yahoo!, Facebook, Twitter, and Amazon† [ (Hadeer Mahmoud, 2018)]. NoSql:Nowaday, the global Internet is handled with many users and large data. To make large numbers of users use it simultaneously. To support this, we will use the NoSql database technology. NoSql: it is non-relational database starting in 2009 used for distributed data management system [ (Harrison, 2010)]  Characteristics of NoSql :Schema less: data insert into Nosql without first defining a rigid database it provides immense application flexibility.Auto-Sharding: data prevalence through server automatically, without requiring application to participateScalable replication and distribution: more machine can be easily added to the system according to the requirements of the user and software.Queries return answer quickly.Open source development.The popular models of NoSql:Key value-store.Column OrientedDocument StoreGraph Datab ase  [ (Abhishek Prasad1, 2014)]2.MapReduce frame work :is an algorithm that was created by google to handle and process massive amounts of Data (BigData) in reasonable time using parallel and distributed computing techniques, in other-words data are processed in a distributed way before transmission, this algorithm simply divides Big volumes of data into many smaller chunks. These chunks are map-ed to many computers then after doing the required calculations the data are brought back together to reduce the resulting data set , so as you can see the MapReduce algorithm consists of to main functions :   User-defined Map function : This function takes an input pair and generates a Key/Value set of pairs, the MapReduce library puts all values with same integrated key, then it will be passed to the reduce function. User-defined Reduce function:   Function that accepts all integrated keys and related values from the map function to combine values in-order to form a smaller set of values . Its generally produce 1 or 0 output values.   Ã‚  MapReduce programs can be run in 3 modes:   A. Stand-Alone Mode: only runs JVM (java virtual machine) , no distributed components it uses Linux file system.    B. Pseudo-Distributed Mode: starts a several JVM processes on the same machine.C. Fully-Distributed Mode: runs on multiple machines distributed mode it uses the HDFS. Sparks. (Yang, 2012 )Stands for Scalable Big Bioacoustics Pressing Platform.Is a scalable audio framework existed to handle and process large audio files efficiently by converting the acoustic recordings into a spectrograms(Visual representation of the sound) and then it analyses the recording areas ,this framework is implemented using BigData platforms such as HDFS and Spark . B2P2 main components are:A. Master Node: this node is responsible of manage distribution and control all other nods , its main function are :1-File-distributor, Distribution-Manager : it splits the file into smaller chunks to be distributed on the slave nodes.2-Job-Distributor, Process-Manager: assigns processing tasks that runs on each slave node and gather the outputted files. (Srikanth Thudumu, 2016)A Comprehensive Study on Big Data Security and Integrity Over Cloud Storage Big data requires a tremendous measure of capacity. Information in Big data might be in an unstructured organization, without standard designing, and information sources can be passed the conventional corporate database. Putting away little and medium measured business association's information in a cloud as Big Data is a superior choice for information examination work store Big Data in Network-Attached Storage (NAS). The Big Data put away in the cloud can be broke down utilizing a programming procedure called MapReduce in which question is passed and information are brought. e extricated inquiry comes about is at that point lessened to the informational index important to question. is inquiry handling is at the same time done utilizing NAS gadgets. though MapReduce calculation utilization in Big Data is all around refreshing by numerous analysts as it is without an outline and file free, it requires parsing of each record at perusing point. Is the greatest hindrance of MapReduce calculation use for inquiry preparing in distributed computing. Securing Big Data in Cloud there are a few techniques that canbe utilized to secure hugeinformation in cloud conditions. Inthis area, we will analyze a couple oftechniques.1- Source Validation and Filtering:Data is originating from varioussources, with various arrangementsand merchants. the capacity expertought to confirm and approve thesource before putting away theinformation in distributed storage.the information is sifted through thepassage point itself so security canbe kept up. Application Software Security:the essential worry of Big Data is tostore a gigantic volume ofinformation and not about security.Subsequently, it is prudent to utilizeinitially secure renditions of soproduct to get the data. through opensource, so product and freeware maybe modest, it might bring aboutsecurity breaks. Access Control andAuthentication:the distributed storage supplier mustactualize secure access control andconfirmation systems. It needs tofurnish a few solicitations of theclient's with their parts. at thedifficulty in forcing theseinstruments is that solicitationsmight be from various areas.Scarcely any safe cloud specialistorganizations give validation andaccess control just on enrolled IPtends to in this way guaranteeingsecurity vulnerabilities24. Securingfavored client get to requires all-around characterized securitycontrols and approaches. (Ramakrishnan2, 2016) References  Abhishek Prasad1, B. N. (2014). A Comparative Study of NoSQL Databases. India: National Institute of Technology.Hadeer Mahmoud, A. H. (2018).An approach for Big Data Security bassed on Hadoop Distributed file system . Egypt: Aswan University.Harrison, B. G. (2010). In Search of the Elastic Database. Information Today.MATTURDI Bardi1, Z. X. (2014).Big Data security and privacy: A review. Beijing: University of Science and Technology.Ramakrishnan2, J. R. (2016). A Comprehensive Study on Big Data Security. Indian: ournal of Science and Technology.Reinsel, J. G. (2011).Extracting Value from Chaos. IDC Go-to-Market Services.Srikanth Thudumu, S. G. (2016). A Scalable Big Bioacoustic Processing Platform. Sydney: IEEE.V.Burunova, A. (n.d.). The Big Datsa Analysis. Russia: Saint-Petersburg Electrotechnical University.Yang, G. (2012 ).The Application of MapReduce in the Cloud Computing. Hubei: IEEE.

Osmosis in Red Onion Cells

Osmosis in Red Onion Cells By: Youssef Gharib Brief Description of Osmosis in Red Onion cells: Osmosis is the diffusion of water from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration across a semi-permeable membrane. The purpose of this lab is to compare the three different types of solutions affect on the relative size of the vacuole to the cell, the outer membrane of onion red cells (tunics) are used to figure out the different types. In the red onion you can see effects promptly when the onion cells are placed in different type of solutions. The effect of the solutions is shown through the purple part within the membrane since that’s where the vacuoles are present. Question: How will the vacuole inside the cells of the outer membrane of a red onion react when deionized water, a 1%, and a 10% saline solution are added to the cells? Hypothesis: If a saline solution is added to the outer membrane of a red onion cell, then based on the amount of the solution, it will cause the vacuole inside the cell to become hypertonic thus shrinking in size. This is because water moves from inside the vacuole, to the cell since the saline solution is entering the vacuole. While if deionized water is added on to cell, then the vacuole size should get larger or stay the same. Variables: Independent Variables: type of solution, amount of solution, and the type of onion. Levels of IV: Deionized water, 1% saline solution, 10% saline solution, red onion outer membrane. Control group: Red onion without any solution added to it. Dependent Variables: amount of water inside the vacuole. Controlled Variables: . Constant temperature – this will be insured by keeping the room at a constant temperature of 21 degrees, because if temperature is not kept constant, the data might be affected. 2. Type of onion – this will be insured by using the same onion (red onion) to collect data, if a different type of onion is used, this might cause the data to be inaccurate. 3. Microscope – while collecting data, and observing what happens to th e red onion, the same microscope shall be used for observing what happens to the vacuoles. Materials: * Red Onion Scissors/ Scalpel * Microscope * 1%, 10% saline solutions * Deionized/Distilled water * Plastic cups * Cover slips Procedure: 1. Take a small piece of onion and peel off a sheet of the purple skin. Cut a piece of skin about the size of a little fingernail. 2. Place the piece onto a microscope slide, and put it under the microscope to record data as this is the control group. 3. Then add five drops of deionized water onto the slide, then record qualitative and quantitative observations on the size of the vacuole inside the cell. 4. Then repeat step one, and put the piece of skin on another microscope slide. 5. Add five drops of 1% saline solution on the slide, then record qualitative and quantitative observations on the change in size of the onion cell vacuole. 6. Step four was repeated, then five drops of 10% saline solution were dropped onto the slide. Record qualitative and quantitative observations again on the change in size of the onion cell vacuole. 7. Steps 2, 3, 5, and 6 were all recorded under high-power objective in the microscope. 8. Clean and dry slide and coverslip. Data/Data Table: The effect of Deionized water, 1%, and 10% saline solution on the outer membrane of a red onion Amount of water inside the vacuoles| No solution (control group)| Deionized water| 1% solution| 10% solution| Before| 100%| 100%| 100%| 100%| After| 100%| 100%| 85%| 65%| % change| 0%| 0%| 15%| 35%| Qualitative data/ Observations| No change, purple onion cell walls only visible| No change, deionized water didn’t cause vacuoles to shrink| Vacuoles shrank, but not significant amount. | Vacuoles shrank a lot, and are visibly hypertonic| Data Analysis: In the lab, observations were recorded to see how a 1% saline solution and a 10% saline solution affected the size of the vacuole inside the cells of the outer membrane of a red onion. The independent variables in the experiment were the: type of solution, amount of solution, and the type of onion. There was a 1% saline solution and a 10% saline solution. The type of onion used in this experiment was a red onion, and the purple outer membrane was used to record data. The control group that the experiment was based upon was a slice of the outer membrane without any solutions added to it. The dependent variable was the amount of water inside the vacuole that changed based on the addition of the saline solutions, and the deionized water. The controlled variables in the experiment were: constant temperature, the type of onion, and the microscope. The constant temperature would be insured by keeping the room at a constant temperature of 21 degrees (room temp. ), because if temperature is not kept constant, the data would be affected. The type of onion will be insured by using the same onion (red onion) to collect data, if a different type of onion is used, this would increase chance of error while collecting data. While collecting data, and observing what happens to the red onion, the same microscope was used for observing what happens to the vacuoles. The data collected and observations recorded showed that the more concentrated the saline solutions were, the more the vacuole shrunk in size. For example, when the 1% solution was added, only 15% of the vacuole lost water, while when the 10% solution was added, 35% of the vacuole lost water. The deionized water however showed barely any change in size, so it did not shrink or grow. The percentages recorded in the data table though were not accurate since they were just assumptions because the tools to correctly measure the percent change were not present. Since the experiment was only conducted once, there were no repeated trials, leading the data to be more prone to errors and uncertainties. Another error in the data was that at first many slices of the tunic had to be peeled to finally get a single strand of cells, because every time a slice would be peeled, there would be a double layer of cells, causing it to be hard to see through the microscope. Conclusion and Evaluation: In the lab, many conclusions were drawn from the results found. The data calculated, and the observations recorded supported the hypothesis, since in the data the saline solutions caused the vacuoles to shrink, and the deionized water caused the vacuole to stay the same. The saline solutions caused the vacuoles to shrink because since there was more salt outside the vacuole, the vacuole became hypertonic causing it to release water and absorb salt into the vacuole. The use of a control group in this experiment establishes the basis of a means for comparison between the different levels of IV and the control group. The procedure was not as descriptive as possible, and could have been more explanatory, and instructive. Limitations in the experiment could have been that the tunic of the red onion was not thin enough to record accurate data since it was very hard to get a single strand of cells without having two strands on top of each other. Another imitation in the experiment would've been that the correct tools to measure the quantitative data in the experiment were not present, and it caused the data to be approximated, and not accurate. A weakness in the experiment could have been that at first, the saline solutions didn’t seem to change the size of the vacuoles, until another observation was conducted from the microscope and it became visibly different. An error in the experiment would've included only having one trial, and not repeati ng any. Another error could've been contaminations with the contact of the cells with skin, and or contaminations with the dropper used for the experiment. Improvements that could've been made to this experiment were repeated trials to make the data more precise, also a way to measure the relative size of the vacuole to the cell more accurately. Another improvement could've been using a microscope with higher magnification and resolution leading to better image quality and better data. Protocol Diagram:

Improving science literacy with hypermedia Essay

Methods Learning Design Architecture The four cornerstones of this Science learning and teaching design are goal-based and constructivist learning, simulation, computer-based creative learning environment, computer-based creative assessment, as well as the traditional lectures and tutorials. In the present research, the Discovery Channel â€Å"Pompeii: The Last Day† site was used as the hypermedia environment for investigating the science topic of Plate Tectonic Theory, first, and the impact of natural processes on human history (Pompeii), second. A few words need to be said about the structure of this hypermedia resource and its value for the current research. It is organized as the complex system of thematic hypermedia audio/video-packages accompanied by informational texts in written form. The structure of the site appears to be complex, so far as on the macrolevel it consists of the hypermedia sections: â€Å"What Happened Here? ,† the â€Å"Virtual Volcano† simulation, Pompeii Quiz, and Eruption Videos. Each macrounit, meanwhile, is designed as another macroentity. For example, the section â€Å"What Happened Here? † provides learners with different types of information on the theme of volcanic activity having erased ancient cities from the earth surface. The â€Å"Step Back in Time† slide-show is organized as a series (7 parts or pages) of the typed texts (â€Å"The Long, Deathly Silence,† â€Å"Herculaneum,† â€Å"Two Days in August,† â€Å"The Story of Lupercus,† â€Å"Pompeii: Part I,† â€Å"Pompeii: Part II,† and â€Å"The Story of Caius Julius Polybius† by Rossella Lorenzi). The â€Å"Ongoing Excavations,† or â€Å"Ongoing Archaeology† slide-show comprising 6 parts or pages (â€Å"Uncovering Pompeii,† â€Å"Bringing the Oldest Pompeii to Light,† â€Å"A Unique Glimpse,† â€Å"Herculaneum’s Lost Papyri,† â€Å"Lost Plays of Sophocles,† and â€Å"Multi-Spectral Imaging†) is analogous in structure to the â€Å"Step Back in Time† macrounit. Besides, within the same â€Å"What Happened Here? † macrosection, there is a â€Å"Pompeii’s Eyewitness Account† web documentary. The students listen to the text and watch the video accounting for Pliny the Younger’s story about the ancient Pompeii devastation. Whereas the aforedescribed macrounit explores the issues of human history in relating to natural catastrophes, the other macrosections concentrate on Plate Tectonics theory and scientific description of volcanoes as natural pressure valves. Under the umbrella of Volcanology, there are the hypermedia macrounits â€Å"Virtual Volcano† and of â€Å"Eruption Video. † The section â€Å"Virtual Volcano† consists in its turn of the Overview and the â€Å"Virtual volcano† simulation sections. The theme of the section is â€Å"Tectonic Plates and Volcanoes. † The Overview dwells on the Earth’s tectonic structure, volcano types (three subsections) and structure. The information is presented through both visual and textual form (typed text). In the macrounits of â€Å"Global Perspective† and â€Å"Virtual volcano† a specific type of hypermedia – symbolic simulation or microworld – introduces students to the details of tectonic structure and volcanic activity. Simulation is â€Å"a computer-based simulation of a work or decision-making environment† as a system (Sauer, Wastell, & Hockey, 2000, p. 46, qtd. in Gredler, 2004, p. 577). Whereas a â€Å"Global Perspective† is a genuine symbolic simulation of Earth with delineated plate boundaries and active volcanoes, the â€Å"Virtual volcano† section is an experiential simulation. This is an alliance of hypermedia and video images â€Å"to create a virtual experience for students who are fulfilling roles as researchers† (ibid. ). The macrounit seems to be designed to improve students’ comprehension of the theme by projecting the concepts from short-term to long-term memory, training topical vocabulary and operating knowledge in the goal-based settings. Six informational video packages within the section of â€Å"Eruption Video† train audition as well as visual comprehension. It also broadens students’ vocabulary with useful terms and present visual information on useful concepts (e. g. pyroclastic flow, lava flow, underwater volcano, etc. ). The informational section â€Å"Volcano news† provides learners with interesting facts on ancient and modern volcanic activity (as well as other scientific facts; there are 13 news pieces, 2 of which are corrupted). The hypermedia assessment tool is given in the form of the Pompeii Quiz. This is an interactive multiple-choice test â€Å"Would you survive after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius?. † To accomplish the test, a student must use knowledge having been gained during the research of the site. The Discovery Channel â€Å"Pompeii: The Last Day† site seems to be a useful hypermedia environment for investigating the topics of Plate Tectonic Theory and its impact on human history. First, students pick up useful concepts related to several branches of science (tectonics, Volcanology, history, archeology, etc. ). Second, they learn important vocabulary on the topics in the flow of constructivist and creative learning process. Due to the fact that the hypermedia environment is used for achieving the learning goals, the body of information is presented through various media (typed text, oral speech, graphics, videoimages, photographs, simulations) and organized flexibly. A learner is free to step from one macrounit to another being led by his/her personal background and motivation, return to the sections which are of most interest for him/her essentially and train comprehension skills in the Quiz as many times as (s)he needs. Finally, it refines students’ ICT skills while they use the World Wide Web to reach the site and proceed from page to page. Instruments To evaluate the effect of the hypermedia learning environment on students’ comprehension of Science (Plate Tectonics, Volcanology, History, Archeology), the researcher investigated each of the four â€Å"Pompeii: The Last Day† sections for the most significant scientific concepts to be utilized by students in the learning process. The search was done by qualitative linguistic analysis of the informational texts. The concepts were grouped into three main sections: geographical names, personal names and scientific terms and concepts (see Table 1 for the list). The students were assumed to learn those terms in the constructivist educational process through the hypermedia tools to incorporate them into their evaluation assignments as the evidence for their improved science reading and visual comprehension. Second, an end-of the week questionnaire was administered to the eight-graders in the Science Hypermedia class to find out feedback on their learning experience from using the hypermedia learning environment including time spent on independent research in the hypermedia environment (â€Å"Pompeii: The Last Day†) (see Tables 3, 4 and Figure 1). Third, Power Point presentations were used as creative evaluation instrument to check the learning outcomes of students’ comprehension. All the students were trained to create computer-based presentations by the given program. In an effort to guide and improve the learning of science concepts in the realms of Geology, History and Archeology with eight-graders in the middle school, a week study of the Topic â€Å"Plate Tectonic Theory and the Impact of Volcanic Activity on Human History† was designed as an action research experiment. From the point of view of settings and partly qualitative assessment of the outcomes of research on specific stages (e. g. students’ feedbacks), this study may also be called a case study, since only one science topic was investigated in regard to students’ comprehension and motivation. Two classes of eight-graders relatively equal in achievements and learning potential were invited to participate in educational experiment. However, there was no internal sampling conducted within each of the classes. All the students participated voluntarily and for no reward in grades or other. The goals of the present research were clarified to all the participants (N = 40). The total number of participants (N = 40) was invited to study the topic of Plate Tectonics and its impact on human history through different learning resources. The students of experiment group (n = 20) studied the topic in the hypermedia environment (a school computer laboratory equipped with Windows-based microcomputers and, optionally, at home), whereas the other group of students (control group, n = 20) did not use any hypermedia resources learning solely from printed textbooks and handouts as well as teacher’s oral instructions. To comment, the student of the experiment group received small portions of a teacher’s instruction while researching the hypermedia context. They were also assisted by a teacher in proceeding from one structural part of the site to the other in order to investigate the topic on each other’s individual pace. However, the general framework of scientific topic was introduced to a group of students. Thus, both group and individual types of instruction tool place in the research. One more thing to note, the studies in both the experiment and the control groups were conducted by one and the same teacher of a teaching style being familiar to the students from previous experience. After a week of studies, the students from both the groups designed Power Point presentations on the topic within the Hypermedia Evaluation Project in lieu of a formal examination. The assessment comprised: 45% on the subject comprehension (major concepts and direct conceptual links), 45% on utilizing Power Point hypermedia resources, and 10% on creativity. All the students (n = 40) were trained in using the Power Point program. Presentations were evaluated by three examiners. The point of degree between the evaluators was high (r = . 088).

Business strategy of Waitrose Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business strategy of Waitrose - Essay Example This paper also identifies the primary activities of the company, and the prospects of the company’s suitability, feasibility, and acceptability. This is by the use of the Ansoff Matrix. Finally, this paper has an appraisal of the company’s capabilities and resources. The retailing industry in the United Kingdom plays a significant role in advancing and promoting the economy of the state. Studies reveal that the retailing sector in the United Kingdom contributes an annual GDP of 5%. Studies reveal that the retailing sector normally provides an annual tax of 17.5 billion pounds to the government (Spencer and Bourlakis, 2009). This consists of approximately 30% of the taxes that the government collects. The retail sector in the United Kingdom covers all business organizations that are responsible for selling goods and products to the general public (Towill, 2005). This retailing sector consists of large departmental stores, large chain of supermarkets, and virtual and ind ependent stores. It is important to understand that Waitrose is a chain of British supermarkets, operating in the retailing industry. The retailing industry in the United Kingdom is a very important source of employment, Taylor (2013) denotes that it employs 10%, of the overall workforce in the United Kingdom. It is important to understand that the retailing sector in the United Kingdom consists of five major super market chains, and thousands of minor retailing units, operating individual retailing stores.

Tax Havens or Offshore Financial Centre Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Tax Havens or Offshore Financial Centre - Thesis Example Recently some countries have emerged as evident tax havens and are attracting hefty capital inflow. Singapore, Hong-Kong, Barbdos etc are only a few to name. "In Asia, offshore interbank markets began to develop after 1968 when Singapore launched the Asian Dollar Market (ADM) and introduced the Asian Currency Units (ACUs). The ADM was an alternative to the London euro-dollar market, and the ACU rule enabled mainly foreign banks to engage in international transactions under a favorable tax and regulatory environment"Similarly in Europe, Luxembourg attracted investors from Germany, France and Belgium in the early 1970s (IMF, 2000) due to its low income tax rates, the lack of withholding taxes for nonresidents on interest and dividend income, and banking secrecy rules. On the same ground The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man provided very similar opportunities. Moreover Bahrain began to serve as a collection center for the region's oil surpluses during the mid 1970s, after passing ban king laws and providing tax incentives to facilitate the incorporation of offshore banks. In the Western Hemisphere, the Bahamas and later the Cayman Islands provided similar facilities. Following this initial success by other countries, a number of other small countries tried to attract this business. Many had little success, because they were unable to offer any advantage over the more established centers. This did, however, lead some late arrivals to appeal to the less legitimate side of the business.

Historical antecedents of your chosen field Research Paper

Historical antecedents of your chosen field - Research Paper Example Motivation factors, consciousness level and students learning ability can be considered as historical events, which have a substantial impact on ESL (Newfoundland Labrador, 2014). Motivational factors or measures motivate the students in their learning process. ESL is essential for those students whose primary language is other than English language and who need English language as a second language to enhance their reading skills, writing skills and communication skills (Faltis, 2011; Ontario, 2007). Cultural factors or measures also have a great impact on ESL language. ESL students may be from the several cultural backgrounds and from the various attributes. Cultural factors help the students to change their behaviors and attributes by enhancing their learning skills (Faltis, 2011; Ontario, 2007). Environmental factors are also considered as historical events or measures, which have a great impact on ESL, influencing the learning process the students. Environmental factors such as technological and economic factors lay a considerable on the learning skills of the ESL students (Faltis, 2011; Ontario, 2007). The degree of consciousness as well as awareness of the students lays a great impact on ESL. If the level of awareness among the students is high, then the students can easily learn English language and improve their reading as well as writing skills (Faltis, 2011; Ontario, 2007). The ability of students to acquaint quickly with new language also helps them to acquire skills relevant to the learning process or the English language. The ability of the student is not same for every student. Some students are very intelligent and some are not. Therefore, the students who have the strong ability than other students can learn the language easily (Faltis, 2011; Ontario, 2007). These are the factors or measures, which have a huge impact on the learning process of the ESL students. ESL

Instructional Design Outline Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Instructional Design Outline - Research Paper Example The main purpose of education is to nurture critical thought, capacity for independence and creativity in general. Educational institutions need to ensure that young individuals leave formal education armed with the skills, aptitude, and confidence needed to face life outside school (Brown & Green 2011). It has in the past been believed that educational success of a child is dependent upon their background. This is however not the case. Educational success is determined by the willingness of the student to learn, their hard work as well as the effectiveness of the educator in teaching. Educators in the 21st Century have come to understand the importance individual education since the young generation of today is the future of tomorrow (Brighouse & Woods 1999). Just as it is in the business world and other industries, the educational sector has become a diverse and cultural center where students from different backgrounds come together to learn. Due to this fact alone, the educators o r teachers need to consider the fact that each individual student has their own special needs in as far as learning is concerned (Brown & Green 2011). For this, a planning process is required. ... According to majority of literature focusing on education, learning is more likely to result to change in practice once a needs assessment has been carried out as personal incentive tends to drive educational effort. Creation of a Needs Assessment Plan can be made for a number of reasons and therefore it is important that its objective or goal be defined, and determine the method of delivery (Brighouse & Woods 1999). It is believed that needs assessment in itself enhances educational effectiveness as well as the outcome but it is crucial that it be placed within the wider process of planned learning (Brown & Green 2011). Educators need to be aware of the fact that individual and group learning needs differ where one may fail to address important needs and interests of individual students. It is thus important to develop a balance when establishing a needs assessment. As aforementioned, the world is rapidly changing and this creates pressure on educational institutions to ensure acces sibility and equity where resources are lacking or are less. There is also an increased demand in the need for institutional autonomy in addition to tremendous and heightened transformations taking place in a turbulent external environment (Brighouse & Woods 1999). One importance of a Needs Assessment Plan in learning is to examine as well as evaluate discrepancies while facilitating the creation of priorities of responses to the needs (Brown & Green 2011). A needs assessment is an important instrument of educational planning, evaluation and implementation where decisions about priorities are made. It also reduces uncertainty with regards to the planning process. Irrespective of their differences, students are expected to

Product and Place with Nutritional Supplements Assignment

Product and Place with Nutritional Supplements - Assignment Example Product and Place with Nutritional Supplements Introduction Product, place (distribution), promotion and price are the four most important marketing considerations. According to Nevin, the nature of a product and how it appeals to customers determine its marketability. The distribution of the product in the market can be done selectively, exclusively or over a large area depending on the choice of the producer. The sale of the product is also influenced by its price and consumers probably go in for cheaper products. Moreover, customers tend to be attracted by marketers who give them appropriate promotions (Nevin, 2002). 1.) An Overview of Distribution Channels A distribution channel can be defined as a pathway through which goods and services move from the producer to the consumer (Frazier & Summers, 2000). It involves all the institutions through which goods and services must pass from the point of their production to the point of their consumption (Kerin, Hartley & Rudelius, 2011). Lyndon and Sally argue that any meaningful definition of a distribution channel should include the flow of payments (generated from the sale of goods and products) from the consumer to the producer (Lyndon & Sally, 1998). Thus as Nevin notes, a distribution channel is an element of marketing mix that is effected through two directions: from the producer to the consumer and from the consumer to the producer (Nevin, 2002). 1. A) Channel Levels: Direct versus Indirect Distribution A distribution channel is effected at two levels: the direct and indirect distribution channels (Frazier & Summers, 2000). In a direct distribution channel, the producer delivers goods and services to the consumer without using intermediaries or middlemen (Nevin, 2002). Thus the producer sells goods and services directly to the consumer. On the other hand, in an indirect distribution channel, the producer delivers goods and services to the consumer through the assistance of intermediaries (Nevin, 2002). Thus in this case, producers use a third party in selling their products in the market. Examples of intermediaries include wholesalers, agents and retailers among others (Kerin, Hartley & Rudelius, 2011). Using intermediaries normally results in greater sales than selling directly from the point of production to that of consumption (Lyndon & Sally, 1998). 1. B) Channel Organizations: Conventional, Vertical, Horizontal and Multichannel Marketing Systems There are four main forms of marketing systems along which most distribution channels are organized. Firstly, we have a conventional marketing system which involves one or more producers, wholesalers and retailers acting independently and separately in efforts to maximize their own gains (Kerin, Hartley & Rudelius, 2011). Secondly, we have a vertical marketing system in which producers, wholesalers and retailers function as a unified unit. Here, one of the channel members acts as the owner of all the others and exercises power over them ( Frazier & Summers, 2000). Thirdly, there exist horizontal marketing systems in which two or more business companies at the same level combine their financial and marketing resources in pursuit of marketing opportunities (Lyndon & Sally, 1998). Finally, we have a multichannel marketing system where the producer uses two or more marketing channels in distributing goods and services (Nevin, 2002). 2.) Analyze your target market's needs Customers in different target

Project 4.1 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Project 4.1 - Research Paper Example The result was that people had to be evacuated from their homes, live elsewhere, and had major health problems that were far-reaching and sometimes incurable. Though permission was sought from the Marshall Islands government, the fact remains that the people had to suffer in innumerable ways for a test study, a study that did not seek proper informed consent, nor did it attempt to cure anyone (Skoog, 2003). Because of Bravo and Project 4.1, numerous conspiracy theories abounded, none of which has been proven with concrete evidence. The United States was accused of doing the Bravo launch on purpose by the Marshallese government, who insisted that it was a tactic to be able to study a population exposed to nuclear fallout without risking their own people. Regardless if such a thing is true, reforms followed Project 4.1, though not right away. Over $350 million dollars was awarded to Marshallese people due to the fallout and subsequent sickness (Skoog, 2003). The United States also paid for health care, site cleanup, and other costs associated with the nuclear mess that had become the Marshall Islands, specifically Bikini atoll (Skoog, 2003). However, not all the reforms were monetary. In 1994, President Clinton announced the formation of the Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments (Meslin 1996). This committee is tasked with, among other things, examining the known experiments that took place on human fallout exposure between 1944 and 1974 and to evaluate the ethics of said experiments (Meslin 1996). Other reforms that have occurred since 1994 were that on September 10, 1996, the United Nations overwhelmingly approved the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, which will, in effect, end all nuclear testing anywhere in the world (Skoog, 2003). Even though people were exposed to nuclear fallout in an unethical manner, research is now being done to see that such an incident does not occur

How the Album Got Played Out Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How the Album Got Played Out - Essay Example Right from the year where â€Å"rock music†seemed to have had its beats every where in the radio FM station and other shows and in terms of the top sales and bulk of listener response he has covered almost 85% of the music history tracing back to previous years. He seems to make a comparison with the present album tradition with that of the previous rock music in every point he includes for discussion. He starts with the information carrying the nominees for the 40th Grammy awards such as Radioheads’ â€Å"Ok Computer† [1] and Bob Dylan’s â€Å"Time out of Mind†[2]. He regrets that these albums needed to be listened just because it had a â€Å"thematic unity to the lyrics† [3] . He seemed to have a strong support for these two albums. One reason makes me disagree with this point. Gerald Marzorati actually goes in terms of full appreciation for these two albums but he himself seems to act in such a way that he enhances the quality of this album by talking more on it than other albums which he refers in a very little fashion. He says â€Å"If you’re someone who grew upwith Dylan in the 60’s , as I did , you would have probably bought the album [It actually managed to sneak into the Billboard Top 10 for week last fall]†[4] He goes on analyzing the concept of digital revolution with that of records of the previous ages. I would agree with his statement that â€Å"Listening to album is ultimately a matter of giving yourself over to somebody’s choices –this song, then this one. The digital revolution promises precisely the opposite . What do you want, want right now?†[5]. It is true that the digital; revolution has increased the interest among the young ones who could also play and jump over to their favorite song as quickly as possible, there options that are prevalent are operating with the help of a remote which was absent in the old CD system or FM station [ which had been concentrating in enhancing only rock music not upto the

Total Reward Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Total Reward - Essay Example Moreover, employees are expecting limited working hours so that their personal lives are given equal attention. Organizations need to react to the growing expectations of the young work force. (Burke & Cooper, 2006) We find that there are three main drivers which bring about change in the workforce – Demographic changes, technological changes, and globalization. (Foot & Stoffman, 1998) The labor pool has shrunk because of the lower birth rates and aging workforce. The kind of workforce we have today would be different ten years hence. Their values, demands and characteristics would differ considerably. Hence, there is a need for change in policies concerning retirement. The second driver is technology. It is vital for organizations to be in par with ever growing technology, which would require workers to keep up with the advanced technology. Third factor, globalization, has brought new opportunities for both organizations as well as workforce. Now organizations can utilize the untapped potential of global workforce to match the increase in competition. Multinationals expanding globally has difficulty managing their subsidiaries. (Edwards & Rees, 2006) Hence, there is a need for greater commitment from the existing staff and to attract quality staff into the organization. Companies wants to hire the most talented and skilled workforce across the globe to stay one step ahead in the competitive world. Total reward system can help us address the above issues and help companies to grow. Total reward includes all possible types of rewards. It may be direct or indirect, intrinsic or extrinsic or both. They can be monetary as well as non-monetary as compensation to the employees for their services. Employees are rewarded so as to attract them into joining the organization, to motivate them for achievement of the organizational goals or to retain or employees. One needs to ensure that there is a balance between the needs

Prove or conversely disprove the inverse square law Essay Example for Free

Prove or conversely disprove the inverse square law Essay My aim of this experiment is to prove or conversely disprove the inverse square law, which simply states that the intensity of any point source, which spreads its influence equally in all directions without a limit to its range, will decrease in intensity inversely proportional to the square of the distance. Background information Research As first proposed by Isaac Newton when proposing his universal law of gravitation it became clear to him that the intensity of gravity would decrease according to the inverse of the square of the distance. This is the heart of the inverse square, which states for any point source, which spreads its influence equally in all directions without a limit to its range, will obey the inverse square law. Quite simply the inverse square law states that for sources emitted from a point the intensity will be deduced as the inverse of the square of the distance. You double the distance you reduce the intensity by a factor of 1/4. This has applications in electric fields, light, sound, gamma radiation, and gravity. All of these are expressed in the medium of a field. To explain the properties involved in a field it is useful to use the idea of flux. When water flows form a source to a sink it is transferred at a certain rate, or flux. The flux density will be the mass of water per second crossing a unit area perpendicular to the flow. We can think of energy density in a similar way. Energy flux density is normally referred to as intensity. Field strength and energy flux density are related. The strength of a field will fall off proportionally. The idea of flux can be applied to fields in which there is no obvious evidence for anything actually being transferred, such as static electrical fields, gravitational fields and magnetic fields. The mathematics that model flux are the same whatever the field. Generally this can be summed up in a formula which states the intensity at a point on a sphere of influence will be deduced by the source strength divided by 4 times pi times the radius squared, where this is the surface area over which the initial source has spread its influence. I = S / 4? r2 This formula manifests itself in a variety of ways when put into context. When applied to gravity the formula to show the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of a body is, 4? GM = Intensity at the surface of sphere of influence. Where G is the gravitational constant, M the mass of the object, and r the distance from the centre point. By cancelling out the 4? section we are left with the more elegant formula, GM = acceleration due to gravity r2 Where acceleration due to gravity would be equivalent to the intensity of the source. As the distance is doubled, the intensity is reduced by a factor of 4. So theoretically gravity obeys the inverse square law. When applied to sound we get the formula, P = I 4? r2 Where P is the source power, I the intensity at surface of sphere, and r the distance from the source power. So again we see that as we double the distance we reduce the intensity by a factor of 4. The differce here that as sound is not of ethereal nature it is affected by its surroundings and only works without reflections, or reverberations. The behaviour of point charges in an electrostatic field will obey coulombs law, which in turn obeys the inverse square law. The formula here is, Q = E 4 0 r2 Where Q/? 0 is the source strength, E is the strength of the electrostatic field, and r is the distance. So again we see that as the distance is doubled, the intensity of the field is reduced by a factor of four.

Genting Groups Corporate Social Responsibility Practices

Genting Groups Corporate Social Responsibility Practices Effective Implementation of CSR practices In order to remain financially viable and operationally sustainable, sustainable development policies on four basic pillars are centred by Genting Group – Environment, Marketplace, Workplace and Community.  (Sustainability report 2011) ENVIRONMENT Genting Group has long made the protection and preservation of the environment an integral part of their corporate philosophy and business policy. Maintaining a responsible approach to the environment and nature particularly in the conservation of natural resources, waste management and preservation of the flora and fauna are committed by them. Moreover, steps to prevent environmental pollution and conserve energy, water consumption and waste generation are taken from years to years.  (Sustainability report 2011, annual report 2010) (i) Energy Efficiency In year 2010, significant management time in identifying and testing the energy efficiency solutions that would deliver the biggest CO2 savings within an affordable capital programme was invested. In 2011, several conservation and efficiency improvements measures were implemented by Genting Group. These included replacing conventional lights with energy saving lights and the replacement of metal halide spotlights with induction lamps. Their diesel conservation projects are aimed at alleviating the depletion of their natural resources and air pollution. All their pump house diesel engines have been replaced with electrical motors which reduces the diesel consumption to approximately 2.4 million litters per year.  (Sustainability report 2011, annual report 2011) (ii) Waste Management 3R (Reduce, reuse, and recycle) programme and scheduled waste management are implemented. â€Å"Reduce† is achieved by using long-life energy saving lights, reusable cutleries and chemical tanks. â€Å"Reuse† is achieved by using re-using waste paper for printing and back office usage. â€Å"Recycle† is achieved by waste segregation at source and waste delivery according to types of waste. Vermin-composing to turn food waste into organic fertiliser is practised by the Group. Standard guidelines for the management of solid and scheduled wastes are also outlined by the Genting Group waste management. The procedures ensure that the wastes are properly identified, segregated, handled, transported and disposed off in line with the environmental policy, legal and other requirements. The EHS Committee ensures waste management processes are regularly audited in compliance with set standards.  (Sustainability report in year 2011) MARKETPLACE The Group adheres to the highest standards of corporate governance. It is done by operating with integrity, transparency and accountability with the aim of enhancing shareholder value and achieving sustainable business growth. We abide by the principles of honesty and professionalism in all our business dealings. Many of Genting Group’s environmental and social impacts are derived from activities in their supply chain. The strategy to minimise negative impact is basically done by controlling whom they buy the products from, their method of purchase and what their buy. The Group’s corporate website, www.genting.com is also a source of information on corporate and business activities. Annual reports, press releases, quarterly results, announcements and investor presentations are made publicly available on the website. The Group participates regularly in international and local investor forums.  (Sustainability report 2011) (i) ’Go Green’ Programme Lower transportation and packaging cost, lower emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere and less fuel consumption food, locally-grown food is purchased by the Genting Group. Their cost-effective measures which make sure the freshness of their products also lend economic stability to the local buyers and farming community.  (Sustainability report 2011) (ii) Support Environment Friendly Proper disposal of the hazardous and environmentally unfriendly products are stipulated by The Environmental Quality Act 1974. To this effect, Genting Group has used the services of Green Seal certified companies to implement an environmental management system for their business.  (Sustainability report 2011) (iii) Self-Exclusion Programme Personal well-being of their guests was committed by Genting Group and they had implemented the Self-Exclusion Programme, whereby guests with a compulsion to gamble are free to have themselves prohibited from Casino. A Gaming Room has been introduced for this purpose. (Sustainability report 2011, Annual report 2009) WORKPLACE A global workforce of over 19,000 employees is owned by Genting Group. At GENM, they regard the commitment and creativity of their employees, a safe and good working atmosphere and efficient working practices as essential pre-requisites for achieving business success and maintaining a good reputation.  (Sustainability report 2011) (i) Employee Development An evolutionary progression and logical step for Genting Group’s talent management practice was marked in year 2011. As a key pre-requisite for sustainable international expansion, increasing the standards of assessing and developing employees and increasing the level of professionalism were embarked by them; a realm commonly plagued with subjective evaluations. Different talks and campaigns for the development of our senior management were organised in year 2011. Most of the talks are about engagement between the companies and their people into committing to a compelling cause behind the organisation’s mission and core values, and how it curbs behaviour and creates the return of shareholders.  (Sustainability report 2011, annual report 2009) (ii) Safe Workplace Protecting the health and safety of human resources and the public by giving them a good environment is also important for the Genting Group. In cooperation with health and safety experts, they organise monthly Occupational Safety Health (OSH) Talks to reduce the accidents in the respective workplace. One of the policies is ‘No-Smoking Policy’ has been introduced to reduce numbers of dangerous incidents. Besides that, it is also used to show the policy and emphasis how serious they view this matter, regular joint ‘No-Smoking Enforcement’ was organised by the OSH Section with the Management. It was done during the random checks in the area of the building.  (Sustainability report 2010) COMMUNITY A priority for Genting Group at GENM and philanthropic contribution is remained by community development and it is one of the ways they support the various community development activities, infrastructure support to local communities, the underprivileged, disability groups and NGOs. Contributions are made different ways throughout the year. For example, employee volunteerism, carried out through the GENM We CARE Team and the Awana We CARE Teams in order to encourage and provide an avenue for employees within the organisation to give whatever they have for the betterment of the society.  (Sustainability report 2011) (i) Services to Communities Genting Group’s contributions reach out to different sectors of the community. In the year 2011, different types of helps to various groups and sectors in the community were contributed. They included the Malaysian Liver Foundation, OrphanCare Baby Hatch Programme, and Malaysia Diabetes Association so on and so forth. They also undertook the Roti 1Malaysia Charity Project, a joint collaboration with 20 hotels in the Klang Valley, which involved the distribution of bread orphanages and homes.  (Sustainability report 2011, annual report 2009) (ii) Underprivileged and Disability Groups In their continuous effort to support the underprivileged community, 71 homes and charitable organisations were contributed during the various festivals 2011 celebrations. This is in addition to their year-long contributions to the various charitable homes and organisations as well as the underprivileged and marginalised communities. Over the year, they have donated more than 4,000 individuals at the Resort and Theme Park for a programme of activities, meals and merry-making.  (Sustainability report 2010) (iii) Education Genting Group sees education as an important part of making brighter future for everyone. Programmes, training sessions and educational endeavours that have been designed to ensure the younger generation gain more knowledge. For instances, the sponsorship of 1,000 helmets for school children for the Road Safety Campaign organised by the Bentong District Council. The campaign minimise road accidents among school children.  (Sustainability report 2010) (iv) Sports Genting Group too believes that sporting activities are needed to help groom an athletic nation. GENM contributes substantially to help organisations and ministries execute various sporting events. GENM is one of the main sponsors. They provided funds to the Football Association of Malaysia, Selangor Tennis Association in year 2011 and The Malaysia Netball Association for instances.  (Annual report 2010, Sustainability report 2011)

Realibility Engineering and Asset Management

Realibility Engineering and Asset Management The Strategic Process Workload Seems excessive for available resources KPIs Actual against planned performance not always recorded Standards/Procedures Lubrication not being performed properly The Work System Planning Apparent failure of entire process Utilisation of Manpower Staff seem to be overworked and/or not used properly Reliability Critical machinery is failing Reporting Too much expected on job completion Work Completion Excessive backlog of PM and defects repair The Feedback System Root Cause Analysis Not being performed Work Order feedback   Rarely completed by fitters Job Completion reports Not being reviewed The Continuous Improvement Process New Technologies Condition monitoring probe request rejected New techniques Training for maintenance staff not pursued Innovation No development of maintenance practices Corrective action No improvements being made to maintenance strategy The Environmental Process Production Pressure Plant is being sweated Shortage of Resources Appears to be insufficient for current workload The Strategic Process Maintenance Strategy Derek is busy at organising this but to the detriment of his focus on everyday items at the plant. Workload there seems to be an excessive amount in relation to the available resources. Mick states that the fitters are struggling to complete PMs and fix machine defects. Harry mentions later that the situation is worse and that they are way behind on PMs and defects. Plant patrols, which are part of the strategy, are not being performed due to time shortages. There is a possibility that the initial allocation of resources was adequate when the plant was in a healthier state but since the state of machinery has deteriorated, the maintenance staff are now overworked due to the high number of breakdowns. I believe that a collapse of the planning process is at the root of the ever increasing workload. KPIs Derek is aghast when he learns from Harry that Dougie wants to be consulted on new requirements for reporting. Derek reminds Harry and Mick that the maintenance strategy has always had a requirement for feeding back actual against planned performance. The fitters received a letter detailing job completion report requirements but instead of motivating, it seems to have riled them up. Standards/Procedures When quizzed about the cause of the compressor bearings seizure, Harry informs him that it was likely due to improper lubrication. There is either a failure of Standards or Procedures here i.e. either the lubricating standard was not correct or the lubrication procedure was not followed. The Work System Planning There has been a complete collapse in the planning process. Charlie has been instructed to concentrate on shutdown planning with no ownership being taken of the corrective maintenance activities. The planning function also includes reviewing job completion reports with the Maintenance Manager, this has also being neglected due to the focus on shutdown planning. Utilisation of Manpower There are certainly concerns with the utilisation of resources. Mick states this in no uncertain terms to Derek. There is a significant backlog of works to be completed and Mick and Harry believe that too much time is being spent on reporting and planning thus reducing tool time. Reliability Plant reliability is suffering extreme adverse effects. A failure of a critical piece of equipment has resulted in a minimum of five days downtime for the entire manufacturing operation. Reporting Reporting on equipment condition is not consistent. A fault report was filled out by Mick for the compressor in advance of its failure. However job completion reports are not being completed by all fitters. Work Completion It is clear from the scenario, that non-completion of maintenance tasks is a serious concern. Lubrication of the compressor bearings was not performed (either at all or to the right degree). Harry states also that the team are behind with their PM routines and have a serious backlog on defects. The Feedback System Root Cause Analysis Not only is root cause analysis not being performed at ACME, the maintenance supervisors are not even aware of the meaning of the concept. Harry and Mick are keen to learn about it, which instigates the Dictaphone recorded conversation. Work Order /Job Completion reports Only some of the fitters are filling in job completion reports despite it being part of the maintenance strategy. Derek is quite stunned when he learns this from Mick. To make matters worse one of the few fitters, Eddie Condon, that completes the reports is fed up as he feels that his efforts are being ignored. Plant Patrol fault reporting This is not being performed by the fitters. Because of the backlog in PM workload and fixing defects, Mick states they would have to do overtime to carry out what he refers to as detective work. Fault reporting A report on the compressor fault was completed by Mick and submitted to the planning office. However it went unnoticed by Charlie due to prioritisation of shutdown planning. Disconnect with Maintenance Strategy From the above points it is clear that there is no action being taken with the feedback that is performed at ACME. Derek states that he is too busy organising the maintenance strategy but yet he has failed to notice the breakdown in this process. The Continuous Improvement Process New Technologies Mick has been asking Derek for months to purchase the hand held condition monitoring probe. He believes that its advanced technology could provide great assistance in solving the plants equipment issues. Derek dismisses the probe as fancy stuff and requests instead that the department get back to basics. New techniques Harry reminds Derek that he was promised he could attend a training course on compressors. Harry believes that, had this advanced training been attended, ACME may not have had the compressor breakdown. However Derek reneged on his promise stating that he could not lose Harry for three weeks. Innovation There seems to be an utter lack of innovation in how maintenance is practiced at ACME. Derek appears to be disconnected from his subordinates and perhaps this is why they are stuck in a rut when it comes to changing how they do things. Corrective Action Because the feedback and feed forward loops have been severed, there are no corrections to the maintenance strategy taking place. Derek appears to be asleep at the wheel and is not aware of the challenges facing his troops. In Dereks defence, Jim Gordon has insisted that ACME embark on a time consuming World Class Maintenance Program this could be significant factor in distracting Derek from introducing the required corrective actions to the maintenance strategy. The Environmental Process Production Pressure It is clear in the scenario that production pressure has been ratcheted up. Derek has been castigated by Jim Gordon, the managing director of ACME. The plant is not running, due to equipment failure, and will not be operating for at least five more days. Such is the managing directors anger with the situation that Derek believes that his life would be in danger if a suitable weapon were present. When Derek, Mick and Harry are discussing the root cause of the compressor bearings failure, it comes up that operations have been hammering the plant due to a big order from Korea. Derek confirms that the plant has been running fifteen percent above nameplate capacity. He also feels that it may have been a factor in the compressor breakdown. His concerns were mentioned in a management strategy meeting but he was told to find a way to work around operation requirements. Shortage of Resources Harry states to Derek that the maintenance department is probably understaffed. Mick feels that they are not using the fitters in the best way. As stated earlier, ACME either does not have enough maintenance staff or how they are using them has caused the current situation of excessive work backlog to develop. There could well be a combination of shortage of resources and not optimum utilisation of the resources they have. The Strategic Process Workload Reason for high priority There are mentions throughout the scenario of the mismatch between the work that requires completion and the resources available to action it. Specific adverse effect A build up in the backlog of PMs and correction of defects. Responsible person Derek Piper. As maintenance manager, he must own the strategy and ensure that it is fit for purpose. The Work System Planning Reason for high priority I believe poor or non-existent planning is at the root of the work systems issues and it has created knock-on effects in manpower utilisation, work completion and ultimately poor machine reliability. Specific adverse effect Compressor failed because the planner was not focussed on operations and completely missed the fault report prior to its failure. Responsible person Derek Piper. Although it is Charlies role, Derek has instructed him to shift his focus to shutdown activities. The Feedback System Plant Patrol Fault Reporting Reason for high priority It is imperative that potential equipment failures are reported to the planning office. Specific adverse effect Impending failures were not recorded for processing by the planner. Responsible person Harry Warner and Mick Brice. They only informed the maintenance manager that the fitters were not performing this activity after the compressor had failed. The Continuous Improvement Process Corrective Action Reason for high priority Corrective actions are required to align the maintenance strategy with the changing availability/reliability requirements of the plant. Specific adverse effect The maintenance strategy has stagnated and is not fit for purpose in the operating environment that ACME has moved to. Responsible person Derek Piper. He could plead some defence here based on the directive from Jim Gordon to pursue the World Class Maintenance Program which is consuming his time. But ultimately he must be held accountable as maintenance manager. The Environmental Process Production Pressure Reason for high priority ACME is running the plant twenty four seven and fifteen per cent above nameplate capacity. Specific adverse effect Operations are not releasing the equipment for necessary maintenance. Responsible person Jim Gordon. For the managing director to not listen to the concerns of the maintenance manager regarding the sweating of the plant is inexcusable. Of particular note is Jims instruction to Derek to simply stop moaning. The Strategic Process Workload Recommended change The strategy needs to be reviewed by the maintenance manager in terms of dealing with current and medium term workload. An assessment on this workload will help decide the required resources to complete it. ACME may have to consider hiring temporary or sub-contracted maintenance resources to clear the backlog. There is also a minimum of five days immediately available for opportunity maintenance due to the compressor failure bringing the plant down, ACME should endeavour to capitalise on this and add a silver lining to the cloud that hangs over operations. Estimated cost High. Especially if ACME hires additional maintenance staff to clear the backlog. Feasibility Medium. There will be some difficulty in planning terms to coordinate self-delivered and outsourced resources. The Work System Planning Recommended change Hire a specialist temporary resource to support Charlie in the planning department. This will allow corrective and shutdown work to be planned concurrently. As part of this change, the weekly job completion reports review meetings will have to be immediately reinstated. In the longer term, a review will have to be undertaken on the level of planning detail for minor works as Harry states that it is excessive. Estimated cost Medium. If the shutdown is less than two weeks duration, recruitment costs should not exceed  £10k. Feasibility Medium. The maintenance manager will need to make a case to senior management that justifies this course of action and associated cost. If this option proves to be a success, it can be built into the strategy for future shutdowns. The Feedback System Plant Patrol Fault Reporting Recommended change Plant patrol fault reporting must resume. ACME may have to wait until the maintenance backlog is cleared before re-implementation. One option would be to resume it at a reduced frequency e.g. if its currently a daily activity, move it to a weekly activity in the medium term. Estimated cost Low. No additional expense should be incurred. Feasibility High. The Continuous Improvement Process Corrective Action Recommended change The maintenance manager has to be receptive to both feedback and feed forward information. He must use these inputs to align the strategy with the needs of the company. Estimated cost Low. It is part of the maintenance managers job. Feasibility High. The Environmental Process Production Pressure Recommended change All stakeholders including the managing director, operations manager and the Chairman need to work with the maintenance manager in creating a medium to long term maintenance strategy. This will help facilitate achieving the required production targets. Estimated cost High. Equipment investment and additional maintenance staff recruitment is highly likely in order to increase and maintain the nameplate capacity of the plant. Feasibility Medium. If Jim Gordon is serious about keeping the plant running at all costs, then the investment funds should be made available. The compressor failure and resultant plant downtime seems like an accident that was waiting to happen. When we analyse the circumstances surrounding the event, its clear that the maintenance system had failed. Through all of this, Derek Piper was lost at sea and to clash metaphors had his head buried in the sand. As a consequence, the planning process collapsed, feedback was not acted on and the maintenance strategy became unfit for purpose. He can claim that external pressure from the managing director, with the demand of increased plant output and reduced windows for PM activities, caused the system to fail. Although there may be some validity in this claim, I believe that every manager has two high level challenges: the first is to lead subordinates, the second being to manage the expectations of superiors. Times will come when a manager has to push back and stand up to unreasonable demands of company bosses. If a manager does not display this inner strength and backbone, he will likely be trampled on at some stage. Its clear at ACME that Jim Gordon had subdued Derek Piper and I believe Derek would not have had the strength to resist when the decision was made to sweat the plant and run it above nameplate capacity. If I was to apply a percentage weighting of blame for the situation that ACME finds itself in, it would be 65/25/10 for the maintenance manager, managing director and maintenance supervisors respectively. Its interesting that the question states if you were appointed maintenance manager as I believe the only option that will rescue the situation is the replacement of Derek Piper in his role. A rebuilding process is required in the ACME maintenance department. This should start from the top down with a new manager. Derek is in the unenviable position that football mangers often find themselves in, he has lost the confidence of both senior management and the dressing room the dressing room equivalent being the shop floor fitters. He now very much remains an isolated figure at ACME. A carefully chosen new appointee to the role of maintenance manager would bring a fresh impetus. The candidate should come from outside the company as such a person would not carry any baggage from the current ACME situation. In the Recommendations section of this paper, I have deliberately avoided mentioning Derek Piper by name and referred to the role of maintenance manager instead. This is because I do no t see him as part of the solution. He may be required to get the compressor repaired and the plant back running but once this is achieved, his removal and succession should be planned. If I was appointed maintenance manager, I would look to introducing a new style of leadership to the maintenance department. My approach would be to lead from the front, engage with the fitters and regularly visit their turf to get a feel for their daily challenges. A strong focus would have to be applied to resuming the effectiveness and efficiency of the planning function. Feedback and feed forward lines would have to be reconnected and the maintenance strategy would require improvement action when necessary. Strength of character and assertiveness would be required to deal with Jim Gordon in order to explain to him both the limits of production equipment and the necessity for appropriate maintenance. As maintenance manager, I would also have to ready myself for battle in securing investment for new equipment and possible recruitment of additional maintenance staff. Immediate consideration needs to be given to introducing redundancy for critical equipment. If there was a spare compressor to switch over to, the plant would have kept running. If the expense of a standby compressor is not approved, contingency needs to be made can we roll in a temporary machine and connect it in the event of a breakdown? The challenge here is to convince ACME senior management of the benefits of investment and consequences of not spending i.e. a repeat of the last major equipment failure. I know its very easy to state these high level objectives and will be much harder to drive them through to implementation but the job can only be tackled with the confident belief in success. ACME seems to be in a good place regarding sales orders, all that is needed now is a companywide belief in the importance of a sustainable maintenance system.

Death Of A Salesman: The American Dream :: Death Of A Salesman

For Willy and Linda, life's accomplishments and sources of pleasure are simple. This statement gives an excellent judgment of their lives because they lead very average lives for the time, and any depth is ignored on their part. This little scene exemplifies this point by showing a focus in their lives, being the mortgage on the house. For twenty-five years Willy and Linda have been working to pay off their mortgage, and once they do that, they will attain a sense of freedom, or the "American Dream". That dream, especially pertinent at that time of growth in the United States, presents a perfect representation of their goal. This goal is clearly outlined by dollar signs and a sense of ownership, two key points to personal success. The key thing which leads to Willy and Linda's depressions, is their inability to face reality in the present. Their lives are lived in the future, and even in this scene as Willy states; "You wait, kid, before it's all over we're gonna get a little place out in the country."(p.72), we see his ability to constantly speak of unpractical dreams. Their last payment on the mortgage gives closure to this life filled only with dreams, and will allow them to realize some of their idealistic thoughts. Their entire lives have been concentrated on this house, their one meaningful possession, therefore this last payment is an accomplishment beyond any other. Willy is a salesman, always traveling from state to state staying in motels away from home. This increases the importance of a house to him because it is not only a place of habitation but a representation of stability in his life. It is a concrete item which cannot be taken away from Willy once he has made the last payment. While discussing his sons with Linda, he states; " And they'll get married, and come for a weekend†¦". He shows the same pride for his ownership of the house as he did for Biff during his football years. The house is the center of Willy's being, and now that he almost has it, he can see that it has been his life's work. He is a character who remains content only by trying to believe that he is living the "American Dream", and pride of his most valued possession is all he has to hold onto. Although, at this point in his life, Willy Loman is beginning to notice where all of this dreaming has led him.

Long Days Journey into Night Eugene by ONeill Essay -- Long Days Jo

In the play Long Day’s Journey Into Night by Eugene O’Neill, the Tyrone family is haunted not by what is present in flesh facing them, but by memories and constant reminders of what has been the downfall of the family for years. " No it can never be now. But it was once, before you-" (72) [James Tyrone referring to the Morphine addiction of his wife, Mary, which attributed to the undoing of the family]. Their trials and tribulations are well documented by O’Neill through the proficient utilization of theme, characterization, plot, setting, and style. Throughout the play, O’Neill’s theme is one of a disclosure into the life of a seemingly normal family on the outside yet convoluted with bitterness on the inside. It portrays the actions of a dysfunctional family and brings us on a reflective journey from when the fledgling family had started, devoted to one another with high hopes for the future, to what it is today, a family engulfed in turmoil. "Who would have thought Jamie would grow up to disgrace us†¦Its such a pity†¦You brought him up to be a boozer." (110) In this excerpt from Mary’s conversation with James regarding their son, it is obvious that their life had taken a 180-degree turn from when their offspring were mere children with promise. Characterization throughout the play helps us not only to understand the characters’ actions but also to see into the soul of each and to comprehend their thoughts and e... Long Day's Journey into Night Eugene by O'Neill Essay -- Long Day's Jo In the play Long Day’s Journey Into Night by Eugene O’Neill, the Tyrone family is haunted not by what is present in flesh facing them, but by memories and constant reminders of what has been the downfall of the family for years. " No it can never be now. But it was once, before you-" (72) [James Tyrone referring to the Morphine addiction of his wife, Mary, which attributed to the undoing of the family]. Their trials and tribulations are well documented by O’Neill through the proficient utilization of theme, characterization, plot, setting, and style. Throughout the play, O’Neill’s theme is one of a disclosure into the life of a seemingly normal family on the outside yet convoluted with bitterness on the inside. It portrays the actions of a dysfunctional family and brings us on a reflective journey from when the fledgling family had started, devoted to one another with high hopes for the future, to what it is today, a family engulfed in turmoil. "Who would have thought Jamie would grow up to disgrace us†¦Its such a pity†¦You brought him up to be a boozer." (110) In this excerpt from Mary’s conversation with James regarding their son, it is obvious that their life had taken a 180-degree turn from when their offspring were mere children with promise. Characterization throughout the play helps us not only to understand the characters’ actions but also to see into the soul of each and to comprehend their thoughts and e...

The Great Depression :: American History Economy Essays

The Great Depression There had been financial panics before, and there have been some since, but never did a collapse in the market have such a devastating and long-term effect. Like a snowball, it formed and swept away the whole economy before it. Businesses closed, putting millions out of work. Banks failed by the hundreds. Wages for those who were fortunate enough to still have work fell drastically. The value of money decreased as the demand for goods declined. The international structure of world trade collapsed, and each nation sought to protect its own industrial base by imposing high tariffs on imported goods. This only made matters worse. By the fall of 1931, the international gold standard had collapsed, further damaging any hope for the recovery of trade. This started a series of currency devaluations in several countries, because these nations realized that a devalued currency posed at least a temporary advantage in the struggle to find markets for their goods. This was the start of the Great Depression of 1929 to 1940, which began and centered in the United States but spread quickly throughout the industrial world. By 1932, United States industrial output had been cut in half. One fourth of the labor force (about 15 million people) was out of work, and there was no such thing as unemployment insurance. Hourly wages had dropped by about 50 percent. Prices for agricultural products dropped to their lowest level since the Civil War. More than 90,000 businesses failed completely. For nearly every unemployed person, their were dependents who needed to be fed and housed. This massive poverty and hunger had never before been known in the United States. Former millionaires stood on street corners trying to sell apples at 5 cents apeice. Hundreds of pitiful shantytowns, called Hoovervilles in honor of the unfortunate Republican president who presided over the disaster, sprang up all over the country to shelter the homeless. People slept under "Hoover blankets" (old newspapers) in the out-of-doors. People waited in bread lines in every city, hoping for something to eat. In 1931 alone, more than 20,000 Americans committed suicide. The theme song of the time was "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?" For anyone who did have money, depression America was a shopper's paradise. A new home could be bought for less than $3,000. A man's suit costed about $10, a shirt about 50 cents, and a pair of shoes about $4.

Animal testing should not be banned Essay

For many years, animals have been used in research both in the scientific and medical fields. In order to introduce new drugs into the market, they have to be tested first on animals in order to ascertain whether they are effective or not. Animal experimentation in this context defines the use of non-humans, mostly animals, to test new drugs and consumer goods such as cosmetics, pesticides, herbicides, food additives, among others (Taylor 120). Pharmaceutical companies and research institutions have been active in animal experiments because these institutions are charged with coming up with new drugs. What has however been controversial with animal experiments is whether this procedure should be banned or not based on its ethical implications. Animal rights activists have been at the forefront in advocating for a ban on animal experiments based on the ethical issues associated with it. For those supporting the use of animals in experiments, the arguments that have been made include p ossibilities of medical and scientific breakthroughs, safety for humans, and accuracy of results. When the benefits of animal experimentation are weighed against the drawbacks, it is evident that the procedure is beneficial. Accordingly, animal experimentation should not be banned. First, animal experiments should not be banned based on the fact that it has been beneficial to humans and animals. With the recent technological advancement, substantive accomplishment has been made in the field of human medicine and science. In this regard, the use of animal testing cannot be underestimated. Taylor (132) maintains that animal experimentation has helped in unearthing new drugs that have helped to ease the suffering of humans from disease that was once witnessed in the past. Blakemore support Taylors point by indicating that vaccines for polio and cervical cancer, insulin, antibiotics, heart-bypass surgery, among others were all advances that were achieved through animal testing. For a patient to receive therapy or treatment, it has to be known that this originated from an arduous medi cal research involving animals. For instance, Blakemore uses an example of how people can easily forget the importance of animals in medical research. This is based on the fact that powerful drugs such as Avastin used to treat bowel, breast, and lung cancer were developed after research was conducted on mice. John Stein, the professor of Oxford Functional Neurosurgery Group also supports animal experiments because it helps to improve medicines and treatments  (Campbell). Some countries like the UK have even realized the benefits of animal testing in advancing the medical field (University of Bradford). However, UK has banned the use of animal testing for consumer goods such as for cosmetics production (University of Bradford). Critics have however been instrumental in indicating a number of ethical implications linked with animal testing. As the critics point out, animal testing is a procedure that does not take into consideration the rights of animals. As a matter of fact, animals are just like humans who require to be treated the way humans are treated. While supporting animal research, Taylor (120) however cites some commentators who argue that the experiment that involved testing cosmetics and other hazardous products on rabbits in order to know how long the rabbits would die was unethical. This experiment fundamentally was meant to test the level of toxicity of certain substances. As Taylor (128) echoes the sentiments of critics, this is an inhumane way of treating animals because â€Å"†¦ the suffering of any being ought to count equally with the like suffering of any other being.† These among other critical arguments have formed the basis of the opposing side of animal testing. It may be justified to talk in terms of animal ethics when there is justification that animals have actually been mistreated. Considering that few cases have been reported regarding inhumane treatment of animals, it should not however justi fy the lifting of a ban on animal testing. As a matter of fact, animals have helped a great deal in the scientific and medical field which has equally improved the quality of human life. From a practical perspective, the use of animal experiments guarantees the safety of humans. In order to ascertain whether drugs and other consumer goods are safe for humans, the use of animals becomes justified. Taylor (132) even supports this idea by indicating that very few animals are sacrificed during such experiments which help to not only save millions of people, but also animals. Opponents of this claim have however cited cases of animal suffering and deaths because of ineffective experimental procedures. Taylor (120) highlights a critical perspective regarding this issue by indicating that â€Å"Of course, Jennie was not human; she was a squirrel monkey. To do such a research on a human being would be immoral. The question then is, what justifies using a monkey?† Other commentators have also indicated the idea of injecting animals with toxins in the name of scientific advancement. Although these arguments may seem  plausible, it is however important to note that humans are practically more important than animals. It would thus be justified to assert that animal testing should not be banned. It has also been found that technological advancement has enabled results from animal testing to be more accurate with minimal harm inflicted on animals. Blakemore highlights the biological relationship that humans have with animals. According to the author, chimpanzees and some rodents like mice and rats share similar genes with humans. The way these animals respond to disease treatments is just the same as humans. Because there is no other alternative to test the effectiveness of drugs and consumer goods, the use of animals in experiments becomes justified. Blakemore reiterates that there are many incurable diseases such as Alzheimer’s, schizophrenia, and multiple sclerosis which require quick research in order to find new treatment. Because researchers and scientists have the ability to achieve this objective, they need to use every tool available at their disposal in order to ensure that cures for such diseases are found. Critics of this argument have however maintained their stand regarding the futility of such efforts. As critics claim, some drugs have not been as effective as claimed. Indeed, some of the consumer products and drugs have had to be recalled because of ineffective experimental procedures which resulted in drugs not serving their intended purposes. It can be justified to agree to this assertion considering that animal experiments are products of human making which are subject to errors and flaws. However, with the recent advancement in technology, such cases have become rare. Taylor (134-136) posits that there are new methods such as computer simulation which allows existing information and data to be used by researchers and scientists to further improve on what had earlier been done. Banning animal testing would in this case amount to deteriorating health standards of people within societies. Definitely, animal testing has been a controversial issue considering that there are ethical implications associated with it. While this may be true, the benefits of this procedure however outweigh the drawbacks. For those who want a ban on animal testing to be lifted, the procedure is not ethical but only serves to infringe on the rights of animals. The arguments made by critics however are shortsighted because history clearly indicates that the drugs that people are using nowadays came as a result of animal testing. Fundamentally, animal  testing should not be banned because there are possibilities of future cures being unearthed, the procedure is safe for humans, and the results have been more precise. – approximately 5 billion animals are consumed as food annually – compared to that, only 17-22 million animals are used for in research annually – anesthesia is used today to numb the body during operations because it was successfully tested on animals => 6 % of animals do however experience pain, but this has to do with the research itself – the alleviation of pain would compromise the results => 61 % of animals used suffer no pain => 31 % of animals have pain relieved with anesthesia – AIDs research relies heavily on animal testing; other testing techniques aren’t optimized yet stem cells (SC) are a relative new way to perform testing. This will decrease the use of animals in the testing process. Furthermore, SC can show a specific organ’s reaction to a substance. The housing of the animals, feeding, carrying, treatments, controlling the environment, is very expensive oFinding drugs and treatments to improve health and medicine. There are already some lifesaving medical breakthroughs that are the result of animal testing, like open heart surgery, organ transplants, effective insulin, vaccines for deadly diseases, †¦ It is the most accurate way to learn the effects of substances in a living body Ensuring the safety of drugs and other substances Human harm is reduced and human lives are saved but also animal lives are saved because of animal testing. Many of the medications and procedures that we currently use today wouldn’t exist and the development of future treatments would be extremely limited. Many argue that the lives of animals may be worthy of some respect, but the value we give on their lives does not count as much as the value we give to  human life. Using cell cultures can only reveal side effects on a molecular level and cannot unfortunately, reveal side effects like organ failure, rashes, tumors, or cardiac arrest like animal testing can. Using computer models cannot always predict unknown variables that can be discovered with animal testing. Animals may not have the exact same philology as humans but animal testing is accurate enough to test whether a substance is even safe enough for human trials. Experiments must only take place if there is no alternative method that does not entail the use of animals. Animals involved must be those with the lowest degree of neuro-physiological sensitivity†. http://levmm1.wordpress.com/ https://proxy.zalmos.com/browse.php/q3ytFd7a/EB8_2FxG/0Ac0HzT3/2sRwgT7f/_2FYnbG9/OapnYXZM/HHfGlrE_/3D/b0/

My Studying Experience Essay

Whenever I set my read/write head to work on a change of things, I place sufficient brilliance to each of them and adequately accomplish either of them with strict perseverance. My transcript shows that I generate taken several courses in fall out and achieved high scores in them. I selected many courses that though are non directly related to my study, are fine sources of knowledge where I was able to lift up great lessons.My overall grades are not perfect, but it is worth noting that I bring in outstanding 4.0s in all the major(ip) courses I had taken. It is withal significant to assure that I took these major courses in advance. I consider my accomplishment valuable because overcoming difficulties in the achievement of relevant knowledge is a foremost necessity in discovering outcomes when I become a researcher. I took a 2 semester junior course in some(prenominal) Introduction to Electromagnetism and plan Electromagnetics during my freshman and sophomore geezerho od and acquired As on both courses.When I was a sophomore, I alike obtained an A taking Introduction to Quantum and optic Electronics which was actually a junior take course in the engineering dep maneuverment. Furthermore, my recreate in lasers led me to take a senior course on lasers where I also gained an A. These accomplishments gave me not solely high scores but also fulfillment with respect to my intellectual curiosity. I developed an ability of finding problems and lick them without adequate background knowledge. As a result, I was awarded scholarships almost every semester.However, my engage wasnt solely on major course work. I took classes such as History of Western stratagem, e inventionh and Art, Philosophical actualiseing of accomplishment and technology and the like. I especially enjoyed the finesse related classes. In Nation and Art, I presented about Paik Nam Jun who was the renowned dedicate of video art. I was encouraged because the professor, the first of all person in Korea who obtained a Ph.D. for Korean art philosophy, highly appreciated my work.She so impressed that she asked me for an additional term write up for her future lecture. She gave me the highest score withal among the art majors in the class. In my studies, I was impressed with the fact that artists also considered late about the notions in physics. For example, Velasquez and Picasso dealt with both dummy and time together in their art pieces as Einstein did in his scheme of Relativity.In conclusion, I feel steep of my accomplishments in both major and non-major activities. During the two and a half years that I spent in the university, I assay to achieve academically with diversity. Pursuing a variety of interests with great passion, I larn many significant things. I effected that by choosing my unusual curriculum, I occasionally understood concepts in physics otherwise from others. For example, the concept of beauty which I intimate in art somehow he lped me understand the structure in physics. I confide I could widen my experience even further by studying in UC Berkeley.